Books: How to Speak and Write Correctly
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Joseph Devlin >> How to Speak and Write Correctly
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Bazaar, dervish, lilac, pagoda, caravan, scarlet, shawl, tartar, tiara
and peach have come to us from the Persian.
Turban, tulip, divan and firman are Turkish.
Drosky, knout, rouble, steppe, ukase are Russian.
The Indians have helped us considerably and the words they have given us
are extremely euphonic as exemplified in the names of many of our rivers
and States, as Mississippi, Missouri, Minnehaha, Susquehanna, Monongahela,
Niagara, Ohio, Massachusetts, Connecticut, Iowa, Nebraska, Dakota, etc. In
addition to these proper names we have from the Indians wigwam, squaw,
hammock, tomahawk, canoe, mocassin, hominy, etc.
There are many hybrid words in English, that is, words, springing from two
or more different languages. In fact, English has drawn from all sources,
and it is daily adding to its already large family, and not alone is it
adding to itself, but it is spreading all over the world and promises to
take in the entire human family beneath its folds ere long. It is the
opinion of many that English, in a short time, will become the universal
language. It is now being taught as a branch of the higher education in the
best colleges and universities of Europe and in all commercial cities in
every land throughout the world. In Asia it follows the British sway and
the highways of commerce through the vast empire of East India with its two
hundred and fifty millions of heathen and Mohammedan inhabitants. It is
largely used in the seaports of Japan and China, and the number of natives
of these countries who are learning it is increasing every day. It is
firmly established in South Africa, Liberia, Sierra Leone, and in many of
the islands of the Indian and South Seas. It is the language of Australia,
New Zealand, Tasmania, and Christian missionaries are introducing it into
all the islands of Polynesia. It may be said to be the living commercial
language of the North American continent, from Baffin's Bay to the Gulf of
Mexico, and from the Atlantic to the Pacific, and it is spoken largely in
many of the republics of South America. It is not limited by parallels of
latitude, or meridians of longitude. The two great English-speaking
countries, England and the United States, are disseminating it north,
south, east and west over the entire world.
CHAPTER XI
MASTERS AND MASTERPIECES OF LITERATURE
Great Authors--Classification--The World's Best Books.
The Bible is the world's greatest book. Apart from its character as a work
of divine revelation, it is the most perfect literature extant.
Leaving out the Bible the three greatest works are those of Homer, Dante
and Shakespeare. These are closely followed by the works of Virgil and
Milton.
INDISPENSABLE BOOKS
Homer, Dante, Cervantes, Shakespeare and Goethe.
(The best translation of _Homer_ for the ordinary reader is by Chapman.
Norton's translation of _Dante_ and Taylor's translation of Goethe's
_Faust_ are recommended.)
A GOOD LIBRARY
Besides the works mentioned everyone should endeavor to have the following:
_Plutarch's Lives_, _Meditations of Marcus Aurelius_, _Chaucer_, _Imitation
of Christ_ (Thomas a Kempis), _Holy Living and Holy Dying_ (Jeremy Taylor),
_Pilgrim's Progress, Macaulay's Essays, Bacon's Essays, Addison's Essays,
Essays of Elia_ (Charles Lamb), _Les Miserables_ (Hugo), _Heroes and Hero
Worship_ (Carlyle), _Palgrave's Golden Treasury_, _Wordsworth_, _Vicar of
Wakefield_, _Adam Bede_ (George Eliot), _Vanity Fair_ (Thackeray),
_Ivanhoe_ (Scott), _On the Heights_ (Auerbach), _Eugenie Grandet_ (Balzac),
_Scarlet Letter_ (Hawthorne), _Emerson's Essays_, _Boswell's Life of
Johnson_, _History of the English People_ (Green), _Outlines of Universal
History, Origin of Species, Montaigne's Essays, Longfellow, Tennyson,
Browning, Whittier, Ruskin, Herbert Spencer_.
A good encyclopoedia is very desirable and a reliable dictionary
indispensable.
MASTERPIECES OF AMERICAN LITERATURE
_Scarlet Letter, Parkman's Histories, Motley's Dutch Republic, Grant's
Memoirs, Franklin's Autobiography, Webster's Speeches, Lowell's Bigelow
Papers_, also his _Critical Essays_, _Thoreau's Walden_, _Leaves of Grass_
(Whitman), _Leather-stocking Tales_ (Cooper), _Autocrat of the Breakfast
Table_, _Ben Hur_ and _Uncle Tom's Cabin_.
TEN GREATEST AMERICAN POETS
Bryant, Poe, Whittier, Longfellow, Lowell, Emerson, Whitman, Lanier,
Aldrich and Stoddard.
TEN GREATEST ENGLISH POETS
Chaucer, Spenser, Shakespeare, Milton, Burns, Wordsworth, Keats, Shelley,
Tennyson, Browning.
TEN GREATEST ENGLISH ESSAYISTS
Bacon, Addison, Steele, Macaulay, Lamb, Jeffrey, De Quincey, Carlyle,
Thackeray and Matthew Arnold.
BEST PLAYS OF SHAKESPEARE
In order of merit are: _Hamlet_, _King Lear_, _Othello_, _Antony and
Cleopatra_, _Macbeth_, _Merchant of Venice_, _Henry IV_, _As You Like It_,
_Winter's Tale_, _Romeo and Juliet_, _Midsummer Night's Dream_, _Twelfth
Night_, _Tempest_.
ONLY THE GOOD
If you are not able to procure a library of the great masterpieces, get
at least a few. Read them carefully, intelligently and with a view to
enlarging your own literary horizon. Remember a good book cannot be read
too often, one of a deteriorating influence should not be read at all.
In literature, as in all things else, the good alone should prevail.
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