Anna Balmer Myers - "Amanda"

William Henry Withrow - "Neville Trueman the Pioneer Preacher"

George Eliot - "Middlemarch"

Inez Haynes Irwin - "The Native Son"

New Philadelphia Book Publisher Highlights Local Talent
Book and Publishing News from Publishers Newswire(tm)

Looking for Child to be on Cover of a New Book, 'The Model Child'
PHILADELPHIA, Pa. -- The Philadelphia literary world will celebrate the launch of two new players today, April 10th: Kay Square Press, a new publishing company focused on Philadelphia-area artists, their stories, and their art; and Kay Square's first release, 'With the Rich and Mighty: Emlen Etting of Philadelphia' (ISBN: 978-0-9815129-0-7), a critical biography by Kenneth C. Kaleta.

FlatSigned Press Alleges Don Imus Remarks Damage Legacy of President Gerald R. Ford
NEW YORK, N.Y. -- Nathan Yungerberg, an accomplished model scout and professional child photographer is launching a nation-wide casting call to find the cover model for his highly anticipated book release, 'The Model Child: A Parents Guide to the Child Modeling Industry' (ISBN: 978-0-9817018-0-6).

Books: Himalayan Journals (Complete)

J >> J. D. Hooker >> Himalayan Journals (Complete)





SERIES III.--_Plains of Bengal_
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Kishengunj
Date May 3 to 4
Elevation 131 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 82.8 to 83.0 (Dry sand)
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 70.0 to 85.7 (Dry sand)
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 82.0
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +0.8
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Dulalgunj
Date May 7
Elevation 130 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 81.3 to 83.0
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 74.3 to 90.3
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 82.0
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. -0.7
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Banks of Mahanuddy river
Date May 8
Elevation 100 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 79.3 to 83.0*
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 75.0 to 91.5
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 83.0
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. -3.7
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Banks of Mahanuddy river
Date May 9
Elevation 100 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 87.5 to 83.0*
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 77.8 to 92.5
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 83.0
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. -4.5
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Banks of Mahanuddy river
May 10
Elevation 100 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 88.0 to 83.0*
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 78.5 to 91.5
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 82.3
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. -5.7
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Maldah
Date May 11
Elevation 100 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 88.8 to 83.0*
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 75.3 to 91.3
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 82.3
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. -6.5
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Mahanuddy river
Date May 14
Elevation 100 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 87.8 to 83.0*
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 71.0 to 91.7
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 82.3
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. -4.5
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Ganges
Date May 15
Elevation 100 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 88.0 to 83.0*
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 73.0 to 87.8
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 82.3
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. -5.7
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Bauleah
Date May 16 to 18
Elevation 130 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 87.8 to 89.8
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 78.0 to 106.5
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 80.5
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +7.3
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Dacca
Date May 28 to 30
Elevation 72 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 84.9 to 84.3
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 75.3 to 95.5
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 83.3
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +0.9
-------------------------------------------------------------------
* Soil, a moist sand.


SERIES IV.--_Khasia Mountains._

-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Churra
Date June 23 to 25
Elevation 4,226 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 71.8 to 72.3*
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 64.8 to 72.2
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 69.9
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +2.2
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Churra
Date Oct. 29 to Nov. 16
Elevation 4,226 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 68.3 to 64.0
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 70.7 to 49.3
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 61.7
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +4.5
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Kala-panee
Date June 28 to 29
Elevation 5,302 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 69.2
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 64.2 to 71.2
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 67.2
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +2.0
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Kala-panee
Date Aug. 5 to 7
Elevation 5,302 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 70.0 to 70.4
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 72.2 to 61.8
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 64.9
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +5.2
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Kala-panee
Date Sept. 13 to 14
Elevation 5,302 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 70.2*
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 65.5 to 69.8
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 66.0
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +4.2
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Kala-panee
Date Oct. 27 to 28
Elevation 5,302 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 66.3*
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 64.0 to 56.0
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 60.0
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +6.3
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Moflong
Date June 30 to July 4
Elevation 6,062 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 65.0 to 67.3
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 61.0 to 68.3
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 64.0
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +2.2
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Moflong
Date July 30 to Aug. 4
Elevation 6,062 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 67.3
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 64.0 to 75.8
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 68.5
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. -1.2
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Moflong
Date Oct. 25 to 27
Elevation 6,062 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 63.2
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 63.7 to 55.7
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 64.1
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. -0.9
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Syong
Date July 29 to 30
Elevation 5,725 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 69.2 to 69.3
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 60.0 to 78.5
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 69.2
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +0.1
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Syong
Date Oct. 11 to 12
Elevation 5,725 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 67.0
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 65.7 to 55.5
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 62.8
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +4.2
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Myrung
Date July 9 to 10
Elevation 5,647 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 66.2 to 66.3
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 60.0 to 73.8
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 67.5
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. -1.2
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Myrung
Date July 26 to 29
Elevation 5,647 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 68.3
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 78.0 to 64.2
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 71.1
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. -2.8
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Myrung
Date Oct. 12 to 17
Elevation 5,647 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 66.0 to 64.8
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 70.0 to 55.5
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 63.0
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +2.4
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Myrung
Date Oct. 21 to 25
Elevation 5,647 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 64.8 to 64.0
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 66.0 to 53.0
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 60.5
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +3.9
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Nunklow
Date July 11 to 26
Elevation 4,688 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 70.5 to 71.3
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 65.5 to 81.5
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 71.5
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. -0.5
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Nunklow
Date Oct. 17 to 21
Elevation 4,688 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 68.8 to 68.3
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 75.7 to 58.0
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 6601
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +2.5
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Pomrang
Date Sept. 15 to 23
Elevation 5,143 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 70.3 to 68.5
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 73.0 to 57.0
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 65.5
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +3.9
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Pomrang
Date Oct. 6 to 10
Elevation 5,143 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 68.3
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 73.7 to 58.2
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 65.0
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +3.3
-------------------------------------------------------------------
* Hole full of rain-water.


SERIES V.--_Jheels, Gangetic Delta, and Chittagong._
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Silchar
Date Nov.27 to 30
Elevation 116 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 77.7 to 75.8
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 55.0 to 81.7
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 69.1
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +7.7
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Silhet
Date Dec. 3 to 7
Elevation 133 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 73.5 to 73.7
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 63.0 to 74.5
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 69.5
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +3.1
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Noacolly
Date Dec. 18 to 19
Elevation 20 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 73.3
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 58.5 to 76.5
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 69.5
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +3.8
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Chittagong
Date Dec. 23 to 31
Elevation 191 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 72.5 to 73.0
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 53.2 to 75.0
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 63.8
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +9.0
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Chittagong
Date Jan. 14 to 16
Elevation 116 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 73.3 to 73.7
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 61.3 to 78.7
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 65.5
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +8.3
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Chittagong flagstaf hill
Date Dec. 28 to 30
Elevation 151 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 72.0 to 71.8
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 55.2 to 74.2
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 65.3
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +6.6
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Hat-hazaree
Date Jan.4 to 5
Elevation 20 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 71.3
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 50.5 to 62.0
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 65.0
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +6.3
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Sidhee
Date Jan.5 to 6
Elevation 20 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 71.0
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 52.7 to 70.2
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 65.0
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +6.0
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Hattiah
Date Jan.6 to 9
Elevation 20 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 67.7 (shaded by trees)
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 50.2 to 77.5
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 64.5
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +3.2
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Seetakoond
Date Jan. 9 to 14
Elevation 20 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 73.3 to 73.7
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 55.2 to 79.5
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 70.2
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +3.3
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Calcutta*
Date Jan. 16 to Feb. 5
Elevation 18 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 76.0 to 77.0
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 56.5 to 82.0**
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 69.3
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +7.2
-------------------------------------------------------------------
* Observations at the Mint, etc., by Mr. Muller.
** Observations for temperature of air, taken at the Observatory.


APPENDIX I.

ON THE DECREMENT OF TEMPERATURE IN ASCENDING THE SIKKIM
HIMALAYA MOUNTAINS AND KHASIA MOUNTAINS.

I have selected as many of my observations for temperature of the sir
as appeared to be trustworthy, and which, also, were taken
contemporaneously with others at Calcutta, and I have compared them
with the Calcutta observations, in order to find the ratio of
decrement of heat to an increase of elevation. The results of several
sets of observations are grouped together, but show so great an
amount of discrepancy, that it is evident that a long series of
months and the selection of several stations are necessary in a
mountain country to arrive at any accurate results. Even at the
stations where the most numerous and the most trustworthy
observations were recorded, the results of different months differ
extremely; and with regard to the other stations, where few
observations were taken, each one is affected differently from
another at the same level with it, by the presence or proximity of
forest, by exposure to the east or west, to ascending or descending
currents in the valleys, and to cloud or sunshine. Other and still
more important modifying influences are to be traced to the monthly
variations in the amount of humidity in the air and the strength of
its currents, to radiation, and to the evolution of heat which
accompanies condensation raising the temperature of elevated regions
during the rainy season. The proximity of large masses of snow has
not the influence I should have expected in lowering the temperature
of the surrounding atmosphere, partly no doubt because of the more
rapid condensation of vapours which it effects, and partly because of
the free circulation of the currents around it. The difference
between the temperatures of adjacent grassy and naked or rocky spots,
on the other hand, is very great indeed, the former soon becoming
powerfully heated in lofty regions where the sun's rays pass through
a rarefied atmosphere, and the rocks especially radiating much of the
heat thus accumulated, for long after sunset. In various parts of my
journals I have alluded to other disturbing causes, which being all
more or leas familiar to meteorologists, I need not recapitulate
here. Their combined effects raise all the summer temperatures above
what they should theoretically be.

In taking Calcutta as a standard of comparison, I have been guided by
two circumstances; first, the necessity of selecting a spot where
observations were regularly and accurately made; and secondly, the
being able to satisfy myself by a comparison of my instruments that
the results should be so far strictly comparable.

I have allowed 1 degree Fahr. for every degree in latitude
intervening between Sikkim and Calcutta, as the probable ratio of
diminution of temperature. So far as my observations made in east
Bengal and in various parts of the Gangetic delta afford a means of
solving this question, this is a near approximation to the truth. The
spring observations however which I have made at the foot of the
Sikkim Himalaya would indicate a much more rapid decrement; the mean
temperature of Titalya and other parts of the plains south of the
forests, between March and May being certainly 6 degrees-9 degrees
lower than Calcutta: this period however is marked by north-west and
north-east winds, and by a strong haze which prevents the sun's rays
from impinging on the soil with any effect. During the southerly
winds, the same region is probably hotter than Calcutta, there being
but scanty vegetation, and the rain-fall being moderate.

In the following observations solitary readings are always rejected.

I.--_Summer or Rainy Season observations at Dorjiling._

Observations taken during the rainy season of 1848, at Mr. Hodgson's
(Jillapahar, Dorjiling) alt. 7,430 feet, exposure free to the north
east and west, the slopes all round covered with heavy timber; much
mist hence hangs over the station. The mean temperatures of the month
at Jillapahar are deduced from horary observations, and those of
Calcutta from the mean of the daily maximum and minimum.


No. of Obs. Temp. Equiv. of
Month at Jillapahar Temp. Calcutta 1 degree F.
-------------------------------------------------------------
July 284 61.7 86.6 364 feet
August 378 61.7 85.7 346 feet
September 407 58.9 84.7 348 feet
October 255 55.3 83.3 316 feet
-------------------------------------------------------------
1,324 Mean 344 feet


IL--_Winter or dry season obaervatians at Dorjiling._

1. Observations taken at Mr. J. Muller's, and chiefly
by himself, at "the Dale;" elev. 6,956 feet; a
sheltered spot, with no forest near, and a free
west exposure. 103 observations. Months: November,
December, January, and February 1 degree=313 ft.
2. Observations at Dr. Campbell's (Superintendent's)
house in April; elev. 6,950 feet; similar exposure
to the last. 13 observations in April 1 degree=308 ft.
3. Observations by Mr. Muller at Colinton; elev. 7,179
feet; free exposure to north-west; much forest about
the station, and a high ridge to east and south.
38 observations in winter months 1 degree=290 ft.
4. Miscellaneous (11) observations at Leebong;
elev. 6000 feet; in February; free exposure all
round 1 degree=266 ft.
5. Miscellaneous observations at "Smith's Hotel;"
Dorjiling, on a cleared ridge; exposed all round;
elev. 6,863 feet. April and May 1 degree=252 ft.
-----------------
Mean of winter observations 1 degree=286 ft.
Mean of summer observations 1 degree=344 ft.
-----------------
Mean 310 ft.


III.--_Miscellaneous observations taken at different places in
Dorjiling, elevations 6,900 to 7,400 feet, with the differences of
temperature between Calcutta and Dorjiling._