US Copyright Office - "Reproduction of Copyrighted Works by Educators and Librarians"

Thomas Dixon - "The Man in Gray"

Mrs. George Sheldon - "Katherine's Sheaves"

George Bernard Shaw - "John Bull's Other Island"

New Philadelphia Book Publisher Highlights Local Talent
Book and Publishing News from Publishers Newswire(tm)

Looking for Child to be on Cover of a New Book, 'The Model Child'
PHILADELPHIA, Pa. -- The Philadelphia literary world will celebrate the launch of two new players today, April 10th: Kay Square Press, a new publishing company focused on Philadelphia-area artists, their stories, and their art; and Kay Square's first release, 'With the Rich and Mighty: Emlen Etting of Philadelphia' (ISBN: 978-0-9815129-0-7), a critical biography by Kenneth C. Kaleta.

FlatSigned Press Alleges Don Imus Remarks Damage Legacy of President Gerald R. Ford
NEW YORK, N.Y. -- Nathan Yungerberg, an accomplished model scout and professional child photographer is launching a nation-wide casting call to find the cover model for his highly anticipated book release, 'The Model Child: A Parents Guide to the Child Modeling Industry' (ISBN: 978-0-9817018-0-6).

Books: Himalayan Journals (Complete)

J >> J. D. Hooker >> Himalayan Journals (Complete)




This accumulated heat in the upper strata of soil must have a very
powerful effect upon vegetation, preventing the delicate rootlets of
shrubs from becoming frozen, and preserving vitality in the more
fleshy, roots, such as those of the large rhubarbs and small orchids,
whose spongy cellular tissues would no doubt be ruptured by severe
frosts. To the burrowing rodents, the hares, marmots, and rats, which
abound at 15,000 to 17,000 feet in Tibet, this phenomenon is even
more conspicuously important; for were the soil in winter to acquire
the mean temperature of the air, it would take very long to heat
after the melting of the snow, and indeed the latter phenomenon would
be greatly retarded. The rapid development of vegetation after the
disappearance of the snow, is no doubt also proximately due to the
heat of the soil, quite as much as to the increased strength of the
sun's direct rays in lofty regions.

I have given in the column following that containing the temperature
of the sunk thermometer, first the extreme temperatures of the air
recorded during the time the instrument was sunk; and in the next
following, the mean temperature of the air during the same period, so
far as I could ascertain it from my own observations.

SERIES I.--_Soane Valley_
---------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Muddunpore
Date Feb. 11 to 12
Elevation 440 feet
Depth 3 ft. 4 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 71.5
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 62.0 to 77.5
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 67.0
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +4.5
-----------------------------------------------------
Locality Nourunga
Date Feb. 12 to 13
Elevation 340 feet
Depth 3 ft. 8 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 71.7
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 57.0 to 71.5
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 67.3
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. 3.4
-----------------------------------------------------
Locality Baroon
Date Feb. 13 to 14
Elevation 345 feet
Depth 2 ft. 4 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 68.5
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 53.5 to 76.0
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 67.6
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. 1.9
-----------------------------------------------------
Locality Tilotho
Date Feb. 15 to 16
Elevation 395 feet
Depth 4 ft. 6 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 76.5
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 58.5 to 80.0
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 67.8
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. 8.7
-----------------------------------------------------
Locality Akbarpore
Date Feb. 17 to 19
Elevation 400 feet
Depth (2 therm.) 4 ft. 6 in.
5 ft. 6 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 76.0
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 56.9 to 79.5
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 68.0
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. 8.0
-----------------------------------------------------


SERIES II.--_Himalaya of East Nepal and Sikkim._
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Base of Tonglo
Date May 19
Elevation 3,000 feet
Depth 2 ft. 0 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 78.0
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 67.5 to 67.0
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm.
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Simsibong
Date May 20
Elevation 7,000 feet
Depth 2 ft. 0 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 61.7
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 59.0 to 59.5
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm.
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Tonglo saddle
Date May 21 to 22
Elevation 10,008 feet
Depth 2 ft. 6 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 50.7*
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 47.5 to 57.5
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 52.5
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. -1.8
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Tonglo summit
Date May 23
Elevation 10,079 feet
Depth 2 ft. 6 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 49.7
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 47.5 to 53.2
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 52.5
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. -1.8
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Simonbong
Date May 24
Elevation 5,000 feet
Depth 2 ft. 6 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 69.7
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 51.2 to 55.5
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 52.5
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. -1.8
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Nanki
Date Nov. 4 to 5
Elevation 9,300 feet
Depth 3 ft. 0 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 51.5
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 33.0 to 50.5
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 41.2
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +9.7
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Sakkiazong
Date Nov. 9 to 10
Elevation 8,353 feet
Depth 3 ft. 0 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 53.2
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 37.8 to 55.0
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 46.1
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +7.1
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Mywa guola
Date Nov. 17 to 18
Elevation 2,132 feet
Depth 3 ft. 0 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 73.0
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 41.0 to 85.0
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 63.4
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +9.6
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Banks of Tambur
Date Nov. 18 to 19
Elevation 2,545 feet
Depth 3 ft. 0 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 71.0
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 48.0 to 65.0
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 55.6
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +15.4
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Banks of Tambur
higher up river
Date Nov. 19 to 20
Elevation 3,201 feet
Depth 3 ft. 0 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 64.5
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 44.3 to 60.0
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 51.6
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +12.9
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Wallanchoon
Date Nov. 23 to 25
Elevation 10,386 feet
Depth 2 ft. 0 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 43.5 to 45.0
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 25.0 to 49.7
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 37.4
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +7.6
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Yangma village
Date Nov. 30, Dec. 3
Elevation 13,502 feet
Depth 2 ft. 0 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 37.3 to 38.0
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 20.0 to 46.0
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 33.0
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +4.7
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Yangma river
Date Dec. 2 to 3
Elevation 10,999 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 41.4 to 42.0
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 23.0 to 40.0
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 27.9
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +3.6
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Bhomsong
Date Dec. 24 to 25
Elevation 1,596 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 64.5 to 65.0
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 42.8 to 71.3
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 57.1
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +6.6
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Tchonpong
Date Jan. 4
Elevation 4,978 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 55.0
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 33.0 to 54.8
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 43.9
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +11.1
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Jongri
Date Jan. 10 to 11
Elevation 13,194 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 34.5
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 3.7 to 34.0
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 15.3
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +19.2
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Buckeem
Date Jan. 12
Elevation 8,665 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 43.2
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 40.0 to 29.8
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 32.4
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +10.8
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Choongtam
Date May 19 to 25
Elevation 5,268 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 62.5 to 62.7
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 48.0 to 78.3
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 63.2
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. -0.6
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Junction of Thlonok and Zemu
Date June 13 to 16
Elevation 10,846 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 51.2
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 38.2 to 57.2
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 49.8
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +1.4
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Tungu
Date July 26 to 30
Elevation 12,751 feet
Depth 2 ft. 5 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 59.0 to 56.5
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 38.0 to 62.3
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 50.0
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +7.7
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Tungu
Date Oct. 10 to 15
Elevation 12,751 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 50.8 to 52.5
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 34.5 to 53.3
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 41.1
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +10.7
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Lamteng
Date Aug. 1 to 3
Elevation 8,884 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 62.2 to 62.5
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 47.5 to 78.2
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 57.0
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +5.3
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Choongtam
Date Aug. 13 to 15
Elevation 5,268 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 72.1
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 54.8 to 82.0
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 72.0
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +0.1
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Lachoong
Date Aug. 17 to 19
Elevation 8,712 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 66.3 to 66.0
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 43.5 to 68.7
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 57.0
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +9.2
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Yeumtong
Date Sept. 2 to 8
Elevation 11,919 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 55.5 to 56.1
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 39.5 to 59.5
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 47.2
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +8.6
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Momay
Date Sept. 10 to 14
Elevation 15,362 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 52.5 to 51.5
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 31.0 to 62.5
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 4106
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +10.4
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Yeumtso
Date Oct. 16 to 18
Elevation 16,8.8 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 43.5 to 43.0
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 4.0 to 52.0
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 30.6
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +12.6
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Lachoong
Date Oct. 24 to 25
Elevation 8,712 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 60.2
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 39.0 to 62.6
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 52.0
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +8.2
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Great Rungeet
Date Feb. 11 to 13
Elevation 818 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 65.0
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 56.0 to 71.0
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 63.5
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +1.5
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Leebong
Date Feb. 14 to 15
Elevation 6,000 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 50.8 to 52.0
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 41.5 to 56.0
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 46.0
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +5.4
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Kursiong
Date Apr. 16
Elevation 4,813 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 64.5
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 63.0 to 60.0
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 63.0
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +1.5
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Leebong
Date Apr. 22
Elevation 6,000 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 61.8 to 62.0
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 54.0 to 67.8
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 60.0
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +1.9
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Punkabaree
Date May 1
Elevation 1,850 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 80.0
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 68.2 to 78.0
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 76.0
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +4.0
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Jillapahar (Mr. Hodgson's)
Date Aug. 15 to 16
Elevation 7,430 feet
Depth 5 ft. 0 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 62.0 to 62.8
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 58.0 to 66.0
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 61.5
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +0.9
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Jillapahar (Mr. Hodgson's)
Date Aug. 15 to 16
Elevation 7,430 feet
Depth 7 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 61.5 to 62.3
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 58.0 to 66.0
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 61.5
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +0.4
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Jillapahar (Mr. Hodgson's)
Date Aug. 20 to 22
Elevation 7,430 feet
Depth 5 ft. 0 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 61.6 to 61.7
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 58.7 to 67.8
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 61.7
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. -0.1
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Jillapahar (Mr. Hodgson's)
Date Aug. 20 to 22
Elevation 7,430 feet
Depth 7 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 60.7
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 58.7 to 67.8
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 61.7
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. -1.0
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Jillapahar (Mr. Hodgson's)
Date Sept. 9
Elevation 7,430 feet
Depth 5 ft. 0 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 60.2
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 56.2 to 65.0
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 60.0
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +0.2
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Jillapahar (Mr. Hodgson's)
Date Sept. 9
Elevation 7,430 feet
Depth 7 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 60.5
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 56.2 to 65.0
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 60.0
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +0.5
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Jillapahar (Mr. Hodgson's)
Date Oct. 6
Elevation 7,430 feet
Depth 7 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 60.0
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 52.0 to 61.0
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 58.5
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +1.5
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Jillapahar (Mr. Hodgson's)
Date Oct. 20
Elevation 7,430 feet
Depth 7 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 58.5
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 49.7 to 55.2
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 56.5
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +2.0
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Jillapahar (Mr. Hodgson's)
Date Feb. 18 to 28
Elevation 7,430 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 46.0 to 46.7
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 36.0 to 52.8
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 43.0
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +6.4
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Jillapahar (Mr. Hodgson's)
Date March 1 to 13
Elevation 7,430 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 46.3 to 48.3
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 34.5 to 53.3
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 46.0
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +1.3
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Jillapahar (Mr. Hodgson's)
Date April 18 to 20
Elevation 7,430 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 55.3 to 56.0
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 46.0 to 61.3
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 54.0
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +1.7
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Jillapahar (Mr. Hodgson's)
Date April 30
Elevation 7,430 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 57.4
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 46.0 to 61.3
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 55.0
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +2.4
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Locality Superintendent's house
Date April 21 to 30
Elevation 6,932 feet
Depth 2 ft. 7 in.
Temp. of sunk Therm. 58.8 to 60.2
Extreme Temperature of Air observed 48.5 to 65.8
Approximate Mean Temp. of Air deduced 58.0
Diff. between Air and sunk Therm. +1.5
-------------------------------------------------------------------
*Sheltered by trees, ground spongy and wet.